Ubuntu 13.10 Upgrade - Lessons Learned & VIDMA utility found

A few weeks ago a new release of Ubuntu came out.

Naturally that meant it was update time!

I have been getting pretty good at this now so I though I had it all figured out.

Wrong.

Here you go…documented for your entertainment and my education.

1. Find in RSS feeds that my Ubuntu 13.04 Raring Ringtail install has a Ubuntu 13.10 Saucy Salamander update available.
   ●  Upgrade your PCs, servers, and phones: Ubuntu 13.10 lands tomorrow - Ars Technica
   ●  Ubuntu 13.10 review: The Linux OS of the future remains a year away - Ars Technica
   ●  Ubuntu 13.10 Released - But Is It An Essential Upgrade? - OMG! Ubuntu
   ●  Ubuntu 13.10 Saucy Salamander Review: A Boring Amphibian - Desktop Linux Reviews
   ●  Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander) review: Smart Scopes in, Mir out - ZDNet
   ●  Saucy Salamander/Release Notes - Ubuntu Wiki
2. Excitedly start the in-place upgrade of my VirtualBox Ubuntu build.
3. Remembered this time (3rds the charm) that VirtualBox upgrades screw with Ubuntu (and I had recently upgraded to a new VirtualBox release and hadn’t ran my Ubuntu guest since) unless you first disable 3D acceleration in the VM machine settings. So I disabled it, launched the Ubuntu VM and now was able to load the desktop!
   
   At that point I was able to install/upgrade to the latest VirtualBox Extension pack within Ubuntu proper. It ran slow as molasses but got the job done. For some reason I keep forgetting what the correct option clicks to get the Extension pack installer auto-running after I mount the CD/ISO file. I did better this time. For some reason the dialog window prompts aren’t fully intuitive to me as a Windows user.
   1. First, run the installer from the host.
      
   2. Next choose the “Ask what to do” option (I think this is where I get tripped up and select another option incorrectly).
      
   3. Run the auto installer
      
   4. Authenticate and install
      
      ●  How do I install Guest Additions in VirtualBox? - Ask Ubuntu.
      ●  Installing Guest Additions on Ubuntu - VirtualBoxes
4. Once done, I rebooted the system after re-enabling the 3D Acceleration option in the VM settings.
5. From there I continue by using Daniel Benny Simanjuntak’s tip in a previous Ubuntu post comments I did to run the following command from the terminal to start the upgrade process.
        …through terminal one can upgrade as well using the command:
         sudo do-release-upgrade -d
6. Watch with anticipation.
7. Installation failed.
8. What!
9. Try again.
10. Failed again.
11. Read error and log dialogs carefully and figure out I don’t have enough free space on my virtual hard drive. Apparently I set it up for a fixed disk size of about 8 GB.
12. Started simple and ran command “sudo apt-get clean”. I seem to recall I had to do that last time I did an Ubuntu upgrade.
13. That cleaned a bunch of stuff but when I tried to do the upgrade, I still didn’t have enough free space left to perform the upgrade. It eventually became clear that it was time to increase the size of my virtual hard drive. Goody.
14. I tried a number of processes to expand (in place) my VM’s VDI virtual HDD file. None of them seemed to work successfully. It was super frustrating.
15. Found vidma - Virtual Disks Manipulator (tool for resizing VDI). It’s a tiny standalone command line tool for resizing (fixed size) VDI files. It is “Alpha” software but I figured I had little to loose at this point as if this didn’t work, I’d probably be going back to square one anyway.
    1. To make things easy I copied the utility over into the same location of my VDI file.
    2. Opened a command line window in this location
    3. Ran the command “vidma Xplico.vdi 20480” and fed it confirmations as needed. (Actually I  used the even value amount “20000” and resulted in a 19.53 GB expanded drive…not quite 20 GB even which the 20480 figure would have done.)
    4. Watched and waited patiently as it processed the file.
    5. When it was done I relaunched the VM (hurray it came up fine) and using GParted inside the current Ubuntu VM, checked the /dev/sda drive. It was showing the full 19.53 GiB partition. Up from the original 8 GiB.
16. That was part one. Now I had to resize my active partition to incorporate the additional unallocated space that I had created in step 13 with vidma.
17. I shut down the VM and rebooted it after attaching a GParted ISO. This would let me manipulate the internal partition information of my VDI file.
    1. Basically I followed (starting down the page at Step 4 “Expand the partition in the larger virtual disk”) the guide found posted by Eugene over at Trivial Proof: Resizing a VirtualBox Virtual Hard Disk”
    2. Because I had set my Ubuntu drive up with a swap partition, I had to deal with it first as explained in the addendum in that guide.
    3. For some reason I was not able to move the swap partition out of the way as it describes. So I ended up following a tip in the comments from “jayesh” after carefully noting what size it originally was set at.
       
       ”I had an extended partition containing a swap partition between my root partition and unallocated space. So i tried to follow ADDENDUM steps but i was not able to move the extended partition in one step. So, i extended the "extended partition" with unallocated space, then moved the swap partition to the end of this new partition and finally shrink the extended partition to its original size, leaving unallocated space close to my root partition.”
       
       This post guide over at mwpreston.net expands that process in wonderful detail if you want more information before trying: Expanding a Linux disk with gparted (and getting swap out of the way) - mwpreston.net
    4. I then was able to expand the existing (in use partition) to take in (almost) all of the newly created unallocated space.
    5. Whew!
    6. Rebooted and detached the GParted ISO.
    7. My VM guest came up just fine and after another check in the GParted tool, confirmed things were put right again and I now had 18.43 GB of available space.
       
18. Time to retry the Ubuntu 13.10 upgrade!
19. From a terminal session: “sudo do-release-upgrade -d”
20. Let it run forever…do a few reboots…
21. When it is all settled down, I log in and kick the tires a bit, and change the desktop to the charming “Saucy Salamander” image.
    
22. Looked for and updated any pending applications needing updating. Done.
23. Check “Upgrade to Saucy Salamander” off my to-do list.

I would swear I captured a ton of screen shots of the actual VDI expansion and post-GParted partition wrangling work to document what I was doing, but I just can’t find where I put the screen cap files. Despite my best efforts to scour my HDD’s looking for them they just haven’t turned up. If I do later stumble upon them, I’ll update the post accordingly.

The only other “gotcha” I discovered immediately after the upgrade is that my beloved power-button in the top-right bar in Ubuntu 13.04 had been removed.  How do I shut the figgin thing down now?

Apparently I wasn’t the only dolt stumbling over this, post upgrade.

• unity - Why am I not able to shutdown, log-off and restart after an upgrade to Ubuntu 13.10? - Ask Ubuntu

Per that thread, I ended up settling for the “open a terminal, type sudo shutdown -h now, press enter and put the password” shutdown method.

Since that original upgrade to 13.10, I have since ran the Software Updater again to bring it current and I find my familiar shutdown icon is now back. Hurrah!

I hope this helps any Ubuntu noobies out there with the upgrade process if you are running it in VirtualBox.

Previous Ubuntu upgrade posts here on GSD.

• grand stream dreams: Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal Quetzal) Upgrade
• grand stream dreams: Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail) Upgrade..a bit faster this time

--Claus Valca

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Linkfest for the SysAdmins

Here is some assorted linkage from the past week or two that might be of interest to the system administrators lurking around.

• US State Governments Can’t Shake IT Woes - IEEE Spectrum - This week in gooberment IT support and deployment silliness. Offered as object lessons for self-improvement.
• HealthCare.gov deferred final security check, could leak personal data - Ars Technica
• The seven deadly sins of HealthCare.gov - Ars Technica
• Can we trust the data brokers who store our most intimate private details? - Ars Technica
• Defrag Tools: #61 - Windows 8.1 - Disk Space, Sysinternals DU and RU - Defrag Tools on Channel 9
• PowerShell: Location, Location, Location - 4sysops
• Download Active Directory Replication Status Tool - Microsoft Download Center
• How to make your USB drive Write-protected under Windows - RMPrepUSB, Easy2Boot and USB booting
• Install Windows 8.1 on Oracle VirtualBox - BetaNews article from Wayne Williams
• Customizing the Windows 8.1 Start Screen? Don’t follow Microsoft’s guidance - Aaron Parker
• Windows 8.1 / Windows Server 2012 R2 - Updated Shell UI changes - Ask the Performance Team blog

Cheers,

Claus Valca

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Microsoft Security Essentials/Defender & PowerShell

Here are some minor tidbits for MSSE I found, as well as some cool tricks you can do against it with PowerShell.

Microsoft may end antivirus updates on XP in April - ZDNet

I’m not surprised to hear this deliberation going on, XP must go and MS can’t be responsible to support an unsupported OS forever. That said, for quite some time to come many home users (particularly), SOHO’s, and corporations may continue to use XP on their systems for some time to come.

While I’m confident other third-party vendors may continue to release AV/AM software that can run and support XP systems, many folks stick with MSSE. Leaving these systems vulnerable and unprotected, particularly if on a network with other Windows systems, seems a situation ripe for exploitation and shenanigans.

I hope that Microsoft continues to provide updated and current definition signatures for at least a period of time after the XP support ends.

Download Microsoft Security Essential - Microsoft Download Center

Meanwhile, over at the Hey, Scripting Guy! Blog, great fun has been reported playing around with Windows PowerShell and finding some neat things that can be done with Windows Defender. (Note: I don’t find a counterpart for the Microsoft Security Essentials application.)

• Exploring the Windows Defender Catalog - Hey, Scripting Guy! Blog
• Use PowerShell to Explore Windows Defender Preferences - Hey, Scripting Guy! Blog
• Use PowerShell to Update Windows Defender Signatures - Hey, Scripting Guy! Blog
• Use PowerShell to See What Windows Defender Detected - Hey, Scripting Guy! Blog
• Weekend Scripter: Use PowerShell to Configure Windows Defender Preferences - Hey, Scripting Guy! Blog

Have fun!

Claus Valca

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Forensic News Flashes - New Projects and learning opportunities galore!

It’s late and has been a super-long weekend.

Lavie isn’t too impressed I’m still sitting at my desk working on posts.

In the meantime, I’m commited to getting this last bit of ForSec linkage collected over the past few weeks out the door so you can have fun reviewing it this week.

Those young and crazy pups over at the Computer & Digital Forensics at Champlain program have clearly caught their dean napping. In an interesting series of posts, they attempt to wreak havoc on different hard-drives and then try to put humpty-dumpty back together again.

• Destructed Data Forensics- Part 3
• Data Destruction Forensics- Part 2
• Data Destruction Forensics

MantaRay Forensics - anTech Triage & Analysis System. As far as I can tell, this is the first time I have posted any mention of MantaRay Forensics here at GSD.  Spotted in this C&DF@C post Swimming with MantaRay Forensics

MantaRay was designed to automate processing forensic images, directories and individual files with open source tools. With support for numerous image formats, this tool provides a scalable base to utilize open source and custom exploitation tools. MantaRay was developed by two forensic analysts, Doug Koster and Kevin Murphy.

ForGe Forensic test image generator v1.1 - Git Hub project page. from the Overview description:

ForGe is a tool designed to build computer forensic test images. It was done as a MSc project for the University of Westminster. Its main features include:

• Web browser user interface
• Rapid batch image creation (only NTFS supported)
• Possibility to define a scenario including trivial and hidden items on images
• Variance between images. For example, if ForGe was told to put 10-20 picture files to a directory /holiday and create 10 images, all these images would have random pictures pulled from repository.
• Variance in timestamps. Each trivial and hidden file can be timestamped to a specific time. Each scenario is given a time variance parameter in weeks. If this is set to 0, every image receives an identical timeline. If nonzero, a random amount of weeks up to the maximum set is added to each file on each image
• Can modify timestamps to simulate certain disk actions (move, copy, rename, delete)
• Implements several data hiding methods: Alternate data streams, extension change, file deletion, concatenation of files and file slack space.
• New data hiding methods can be easily implemented. Adding a new file system is also documented.

Developer Hannu Visti goes shares a great post over the features and background of this tool over at Forensic Focus. ForGe – Computer Forensic Test Image Generator.  This could be a really fresh and innovative tool to help with both simulating forensic images for training and drill purposes. Very interesting and well worth the time to check out. It’s beyond my skill set to review and comment on but if any of the ForSec pros out there have any thoughts or comments, please feel free to drop them in the comments here for our community education.

Linkz 4 Free Infosec and IT Training - Journey Into Incident Response - Corey Harrell goes above and beyond with an outstanding listing of trainings, exercises, and learning resources that are ForSec focused and absolutely-friggin-free for the taking!  Corey promises to keep the listing updated so bookmark the page and check back often. I’m particularly interested in the CSIRT-like topics and materials listed like those in the ENISA CERT linkage. I’ve downloaded most all of the PDF versions already to review this week as time allows!

Many of these trainings have supplemental videos and VM’s for download too!

Other specific courses from Corey’s post I’m listing below so I can find them quickly…

• Incident management guide - ENISA CERT
• Tools - ENISA CERT - OMG what a detailed and categorized listing.
• Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP)® Common Body of Knowledge (CBK)® Review - via Open Security Training
• Flow Analysis & Network Hunting - via Open Security Training
• Introduction to Vulnerability Assessment - via Open Security Training
• Introduction to Network Forensics - via Open Security Training
• Offensive, Defensive, and Forensic Techniques for Determining Web User Identity - via Open Security Training
• Utilizing SysInternals Tools for IT Pros course - Microsoft Virtual Academy - Note I think I have already posted this one earlier!

What 'tier 2' & 'tier 3' tools do you load on your forensic workstation(s)? - ForensicKB blog - Lance Mueller has a great list of Tier 2 and Tier 3 apps he considers. I’m pleased to find more than a few in my toolkit already. Note that not all of the software listed here is necessarily free or open-source. More than a few are commercial applications. That’s not at all a bad thing, but just something to be aware of.

 Windows Incident Response: Shell Item Artifacts, Reloaded - Harlan Carvey undertakes some very methodical validation exercises on Windows shell item artifacts. Definitely worth reading.

Meanwhile, from another ForSec guy who appears to never sleep… Brett Shavers has been in a posing frenzy over at his Windows Forensic Environment blog site.

Best publicly available testing of WinFE I’ve seen to date - Windows Forensic Environment (Note post info is good but link in it has been superseded by one found in post below.

Updated link on the Mistype project - Windows Forensic Environment

WinFE - direct link to the article mentioned. I agree, it is a truly fascinating read for WinFE aficionados. I’m coming back to read this one carefully this week.

Mini-WinFE - Windows Forensic Environment - This post has tons and tons of screenshots to illustrate the new Mini-WinFE project as well as an introduction that goes over the project features. Very basically, this specific project (1 of 3 promised for alternative WinFE building) allows you to roll your own WinFE boot disk in a “minimal” configuration with FAU utilities, FTK Imager and support for X-Ways Forensics. Total build time is estimated at 10 minutes from start to media in your hand.

Mini-WinFE is out of beta! - Windows Forensic Environment - See you waited too long! The first link was requesting Beta testers. Now it is released!  Direct project link here via Reboot.pro and extensive Mini-WinFE project documentation from Misty is linked here.

Quick video on building a Mini-WinFE - Windows Forensic Environment - a very short (3:33 min) YouTube video is available on this post page for those who want to check out the building process.

Since we are on a WinFE bender, let’s shift gears slightly and use that excuse to post a link on the WinFE’s kissable cousin for sysadmins who aren’t quite as focused on disk read-only preservation, WinPE.

How to Customize Windows PE Boot Images to Use in Configuration Manager - Chris Nackers Blog. Chris links to this Microsoft TechNet resource How to Customize Windows PE Boot Images to Use in Configuration Manager

New website and project roadmap - DEFT Linux - Computer Forensics live CD - The DEFT development team has put some fresh paint on their website as well as outlined where they plan to head in the coming months. Congratulations to DEFTA President Stefano Fratepietro and all the community and project contributors who have worked hard to make DEFT Linux a premiere Forensic live CD resource! From that post..

Here follows the forthcoming milestones concerning the new versions of DEFT 8, Virtual Appliance and User Manual.

• DEFT Linux 8.1 with relevant news for Mobile Forensics – November 2013
• DEFT 8 VMware Virtual Appliance – late November 2013
• Roadmap of projects supported by donations – December 2013
• DEFT 8 User Manual – February 2014
• Third Italian National Conference DEFTCON 2014  – Polytechnic of Milano, April 11, 2014

Installing VMware Tools on Kali Linux and Some Debugging Basics - SpiderLabs Anterior - Christophe De La Fuente goes to the mat to show some advanced debugging skills in getting VMware Tools onto Kali Linux. As is pointed out in the comments, there are easier ways to do it, but the experience shared of the road taken makes us all a bit wiser. Which this post then led me to discover and add to my RSS feed pile…

Computer Howto's by Lewis Encarnacion - Lewis’s posts are great. Covering not just Windows 7 topics, but also some of the finer points in using and getting comfortable in Kali Linux.

FAU -version 1.3.0.2464 - Speaking of the Forensic Acquisition Utilities (FAU) it seems a new version came out in August 2013. I don’t think I caught that release. The link has a “what’s new” jump as well as the new binary set download link but for the lazy…from that source:

• Volume_dump and DD now recognize drives with BusTypeSata as devices supporting the ATA feature set.  ATA specific attributes are reported for these drives.
• Fixed a problem with the DD --verify option when writing an image to certain to certain drives.  Under certain circumstances the DD --verify option reported a spurious failure even though the reimaging of the target drive succeeded and the cryptographic checksum of the destination drive was in fact identical to the cryptographic checksum source image file or drive.  This problem did not affect the accuracy of the reimaged drive but required that the user to validate the target drive after the imaging process was complete.  Thanks to Suman Beros for reporting this problem.
• When acquiring a physical drive DD now drops the block size down to the device block size when approaching the putative end of the source drive.  Hard drives often misreport their capacity either by over estimating or under estimating the true size.  The only reliable way to image a hard drive is to attempt to acquire beyond the purported end of the drive and see if valid data is returned.  However, we have encountered a few drives that freeze or hang the imaging process if you attempt to read beyond the end of the drive with a block size that is greater than the device block size.  Needless to say, this can be disconcerting when you have already read 1 TiB of data only to have the whole process hang on the last few sectors.  Dropping down to the device block size when approaching the end of a drive should produce more reliable acquisitions.  A disadvantage is that drive acquisition will be slower at the end of the drive.
• Examples have been added to the DD help text which show how to acquire a physical drive.

That’s all for tonight!

Cheers my friends.

Claus Valca

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GSD Saturday Linkfest: IT Crowd and ForSec Folks welcome

News and Links For the ForSec Crowd

Kali Linux 1.0.5 and Software Defined Radio - Kali Linux - new build released with updates and some bells-and-whistles to boot!

Windows 8 / Server 2012 Memory Forensics - Forensic Methods

Inside Windows Rootkits - Forensic Methods

Links - Windows Incident Response blog - Lots of great fresh material here!

Forensic Perspective - Windows Incident Response blog

Tools to Grab Locked Files - Journey Into Incident Response blog - Cory Harrell has a simply amazing post full of tremendous resources worth taking a look into for using to grab locked files.

DOWNLOAD: Microsoft Security Intelligence Report, Volume 14 Windows Application & PDF - Kurt Shintaku's Blog - This is too good to pass up! From Kurt’s post.

The Microsoft Security Intelligence Report Windows application analyzes the threat landscape of exploits, vulnerabilities, and malware using the latest data from hundreds of millions of systems around the world and some of the Internet’s busiest online services.

Readers will find the data, insights, and guidance provided in this report useful in helping them protect their organizations, software, and users.  

Key features of the application include:

• All content, in one convenient place – includes all 800+ pages of content from Volume 14 of our latest report and is fully searchable.
• High fidelity charts – Many customers have asked us if they can obtain high resolution versions of the charts. We’ve delivered that in the application and have even included the “save as” functionality so that customers may use them in other applications, such as PowerPoint.
• Reader friendly – We’ve designed the application with you, the reader in mind. One example of this is the integration of our glossary into the body of a page which appear as mouse-over tool-tips.

Security Intelligence Report (SIR) vol.14 (Windows Application) - Microsoft.com - The installable application has 800+ pages of content while the PDF version checks in at 120 pages. Pick you medicine and pucker up.

Other useful Microsoft security and threat response links:

• Microsoft Malware Protection Center
• Microsoft Security Response Center
• Computer Security Tools & Downloads – TechNet Security
• Microsoft Security Intelligence Report

Microsoft Security Essentials Prerelease - Microsoft Download Center - new pre-release version 4.4.207.0 for interested users of MSSE. Released on 09.09.13 so it is very fresh.

(IN)SECURE Magazine issue 39 released - HelpNet Security - Download directly here (PDF link).

News and Links For the IT Crowd

I enjoy the technical and scientific articles I get in my RSS feeds over from the IEEE Spectrum website. It has great material and is terribly technical. Some sadly interesting IT news I’ve seen over there recently tag state IT departments.

• IT Hiccups of the Week: A Bad Week for U.S. State Government IT - IEEE Spectrum
• Is There a U.S. IT Worker Shortage? - IEEE Spectrum
• IT Hiccups of the Week: U.S. State Government IT System Meltdowns Galore - IEEE Spectrum

A new find this week has been the Microsoft Office Configuration Analyzer Tool

The Microsoft Office Configuration Analyzer Tool (OffCAT) is a program that provides a detailed report of your installed Office programs. This report includes many parameters about your Office program configuration and highlights known problems found when OffCAT scans your computer. For any problems that are listed in the report, you are provided with a link to a public-facing article (usually a Microsoft Knowledge Base article) on the issue so you can read about possible fixes for the problem. If you are a Help Desk professional, you can also save the report to file so that the report can be viewed in the Office Configuration Analyzer Tool on another client where the tool is installed. The Office Configuration Analyzer Tool 1.1 also includes a command-line version that can be used to collect an OffCAT scan without user intervention.

I’ve been playing with it for a while and am amazed at the depth of information and assistance it provides, particularly for many very obscure items.

Spotted over at this 4sysops post FREE: Microsoft OffCAT – Office Configuration Analyzer Tool 1.1

MBSA 2.3 Preview Release Available - Anything about IT - News about a new preview release version of Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer (note link is to public version 2.2) that supports MS OS’s between XP and Windows 8.1

Windows 8.1 Command Prompt or PowerShell - Anything about IT

PowerShell 4.0 – A first look - 4sysops

How to Know When an Object Was Created and Changed in Active Directory - WindowsNetworking.com

When was the Last Password Changed for a User Account in Active Directory - WindowsNetworking.com

Office 365 for Nonprofits Organizations - Microsoft.com - Microsoft recently announced that they are offering Office 365 for non-profits (including eligible churches). This could be a big deal for many, learn more here.

SysInternals Tools, Windows 8 Training - Microsoft Virtual Academy - Seven video training modules and supporting materials to assist with learning the latest in core SysInternals tools. Check it out! Hat tip to Kurt Shintaku.

Kyle Beckman has posted a great series about Folder Redirection over at 4sysops that I (re)discovered. Lots of good information and tips here.

• Folder Redirection – Part 1: Introduction - 4sysops
• Folder Redirection – Part 2: Setting up your file server
• Folder Redirection – Part 3: Explanation of folder permissions
• Folder Redirection – Part 4: Group Policy configuration
• Folder Redirection – Part 5: Best practices
• How to disable Folder Redirection

Create a new Windows Service

Moon Point Support Weblog had a helpful post: Creating a Service for a Windows System

It caught my eye as we are working with a system down in the coal-mines that requires running the core features as applications rather than services which makes security and log-in/account management more than a little bit challenging. Alas, this won’t solve those headaches but it is worth bookmarking and knowing.

How To Create a User-Defined Service - Microsoft Support

How to create a Windows service by using Sc.exe - Microsoft Support

NSSM - the Non-Sucking Service Manager

Virtualization Software Updates

Download VMware Player 6.0 - VMware

VMware woos power users and IT pros with Fusion and Workstation upgrades - Ars Technica

VMware Player 6 Released with Full Windows 8.1 Support - Next of Windows

Oracle VM VirtualBox - Version 4.2.18 released - Oracle

General Application and Utility Updates of Note

UltraVNC VNC - version release 1.1.93 now out.

PeStudio - version release 7.45 now out.

Speccy v1.23 - Piriform - new release.

HWiNFO Portable - version 4.24-2000 - PortableApps.com - in what begs another GSD LinkList post, HWiNFO is yet another system hardware info-gathering resource I’ve been playing with. I’ve got more than a few I call up from the bullpen and this one has been added to the pitching stable.

IOBit Driver Booster Free - I confess I was very skeptical when I saw this new application appear. I have a few trusted driver apps to catalog and/or back up existing drivers on a system, and some vendor-specific driver update scanning applications used to update my systems. However, I have generally distained apps that claim to scan for driver updates on Windows systems and tell me what I need. Driver updating can be a dangerous and system-harmful thing if the wrong one is applied. So when I tried with trepidation this application, I found the UI was super clean and easy to navigate, the scan was immediate and dead-on fast, it seemed very accurate (finding only one out of date driver), provides a detailed and comprehensive list of drivers checked and their status, and creates a Restore point before every driver update is installed. It’s so easy I’d recommend it to my non-techy friends and family who I support. Great job IOBit! I’ll be running this one weekly!

SoftPerfect Network Scanner - updated to version 5.5. See Changelog for details.

Wireshark - updated to Stable version 1.10.2 and Old Stable version 1.8.10.

• Wireshark 1.10.2 - Release notes
• Wireshark 1.8.10 - Release notes

For you crazy WinPE building fans who use WinBuilder, a new version has been released that is much different from the previous version you may be familiar with. At the time of this blog-posting, the Winbuilder.net site seems to be temporarily down, but here were the applicable links you need to check out. I suspect fans of WinBuilder will fall one one side of the fence or the other; love it or hate it. Particularly with the Java building components.

• WinBuilder - Development - reboot.pro
• WinBuilder - reboot.pro
• without imbedded Java RTEs - download version.

lessmsi (aka Less Msiérables) · ActiveScott at GitHub - now at version 1.1.3 The download link is a bit hard to find on the page if you aren’t used to GitHub. Look for “1 release" at the top bar just above the purple band and click it to find the compiled binaries in lessmsi-v1.1.3.zip.

d7 v10 Just Released! - Computer Technician - Foolish IT LLC.the updated change list is too expansive for me to try to list here. Check it out.

SoundVolumeView - new NirSoft utility - View/change sound levels & save/load sound level profiles on Windows Vista/7/8/2008 - More details in this NirSoft blog post.

Whew!  That post tired me out…or maybe it was the A&M/Alabama game live-streaming on my second monitor.

--Claus Valca

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iPhone Traffic - ZAP’ed, Security, and Network Tap Tap Tapping

This week brought in a very interesting post from web security/developer Troy Hunt.

 Unearthing the hidden shortcomings in Aussie mobile app security - Troy Hunt’s blog

Please go read then come back.

Interesting isn’t it?

I know most GSD readers probably wouldn’t be surprised to find some of their favorite mobile-apps leak user ids and passwords in plain-text, but for those who don’t know, some do.

Case in point (that has now been reported as fixed!):  Zscaler Research: Mobile App Wall of Shame: ESPN ScoreCenter

Naturally that got me thinking about a common mantras in the For/Sec world; “know your tools” & “verify, verify, verify”.

What I want to do is some benchmarking and analysis of the mobile apps I use on my own iPhone to have a better understanding on what is happening with their network traffic. This would be valuable information to know for general usage, and critical knowledge in case you unknowingly encounter a Wi-Fi Pineapple in the wild or a more complex man-in-the-middle Wi-Fi attack and get your network traffic captured.

One super-easy (and lazy) way I have found is to use ZAP - Zscaler Application Profiler.  From the “About” page link:

About ZAP

Zscaler Application Profiler (ZAP) is web based tool designed to streamline the capture and analysis of HTTP(S) traffic from mobile applications. ZAP is capable of analyzing traffic from both iOS and Android applications and includes the following functionality:

• Search: View summarized historical results for past scans.
• Scan: Proxy traffic from a mobile device through the ZAP proxy and the mobile app traffic will be automatically captured and analyzed
• iPCU: Upload your iOS device configuration file(.deviceinfo) to check risk score of installed application. It will give you overall risk score of your device. The information provided is based on out knowledge base.

ZAP classifies traffic into the following buckets and calculates an overall risk score for the application:

• Authentication: Username/password sent in clear text or using weak encoding methods.
• Device Metadata Leakage: Data that can identify an individual device, such as the Unique Device Identifier (UDID).
• Personally Identifiable Information Leakage: Data that can identify an individual user, such as an email address, phone number or mailing address.
• Exposed content: Communication with third parties such as advertising or analytics sites.

Zscaler also has a detailed video on this service on their blog: Zscaler Research: Introducing ZAP.

So you can either check their historical report data on apps already researched, you can connect your device to their proxy to do a scan on a new app/version not already captured historically, or even upload your own iOS device config file.

Wow.  Bookmark this resource link now!

However, there may be cases you want to do your own local network traffic capture and analysis…because you like pain and frustration (and hands-on learning perhaps).

Part I - In Which Hardware TAP Options are narrowed down

At work (when & where authorized) we can set up network packet captures either on a specific system or on the LAN using port-SPAN.

At home, I don’t have a managed switch (or dumb hub) that can do that.  I suppose I could buy a USB-NIC (so I can have two wired network ports on my laptop) and then capture traffic temporarily though one of these messy devices (home-built or purchased) but that isn’t quite as elegant as I would prefer.

Or (as the TinyApps bloggist kindly just reminded me) use Cain & Abel.

• Capturing Packets on a Broadcom Card - The Flying Frank
• Configuration - OXID.I

Instead I decided I'll pick up a specialized device that support a network TAP.  This way I can just hook it in line between my Wi-Fi router and the cable modem and capture everything that passes though. It may not be 100% on packet captures, but I think it will be good enough for my home testing.

So the next question is what device?

I’ve settled on the following options:

• Dualcomm DCSW-1005 USB Powered 5-Port 10/100 Fast Ethernet Switch TAP (Port Mirroring) - Amazon.com link
  • Dualcomm DCSW-1000/1005PT - Dualcomm product page
• Dualcomm DCGS-2005L 5-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Ethernet Switch Network TAP (Plastic Case) - Amazon.com link
• Dualcomm DCGS-2005 5-Port 10/100/1000 Gigabit Ethernet Switch Network TAP (USB Powered, Port Mirroring, PoE Pass-Through) - Amazon.com link
  • Dualcomm DCGS-2005/DCGS-2005L - Dualcomm product page

The DCSW-1005 model is an attractive basic option. It supports port-mirroring, is USB powered, and has 5-ports. (note only port #1 is mirrored to port #5).  The price is good.  The only “drawback” I see is that it only supports 10/100 speed on the network.  While I seriously doubt I would ever approach over 100 Mbps and cause a bottleneck on my home network…most all my other network equipment is 1000 Mbps capable.  So thinking forward, this could be slightly limiting down the road, or if I am asked by family/friends/associates to do some network troubleshooting on a “true” 1000 Mbps network, or tapping in between two network devices actually running at 1000 Mbps.  So there is that. Also, the buffer memory used by the device in the mirroring process is 256 KB. So if that gets saturated, there is the possibility of dropped packet captures.

The only difference between the DCGS-2005/2005L seems to be the “L” model has a metal cabinet while the other doesn’t. Of course, that option comes with a $20 markup as well.  I’m pretty sure the plastic cabinet would be just fine, but the vanity in me just likes the metal cabinet appearance a bit more. Probably just a bit more durable when tossed around in a go-bag and maybe it might dissipate heat a bit better? This model does support up to 1000 Mbps so there is that benefit since it is (at least $100 more expensive) but the buffer memory is just 104 KB. Hmmm. 

Should I be concerned about overloading either of the devices’ memory buffer when capturing home-network traffic? Probably not but what say you pros?

I did find these pretty basic and older reviews, including one from the guru of network security Richard Bejtlich.  I really didn’t find any more recent reviews of the device so if/when I get my hands on one, you can be assured I’ll have a write-up review.

• DualComm Port Mirroring Switch - TaoSecurity - (Sept. 2010)
• Review of Dualcomm 5-Port Pass-Through Port Mirroring Switch - LoveMyTool - Betty DuBois - (April 2010)
• Network Security Monitoring with Dualcomm DCSW-1005PT - CyberArms - D.Dieterle - (Nov. 2010)

Part II - In Which Other Alternatives are discovered

So let’s assume that you are already comfortable with network packet captures, installing network software, and making network configuration changes to Wi-Fi devices.

Are there any options to capture iPhone network traffic without going to the trouble and expense of picking up TAP hardware just for that task?

Yep.

First option is a tool called Paros. It is Java based (I know, I know..) and can assess web application vulnerabilities. The link has a Windows binary that appears back from August 2008.

Here is a nice walkthough on using Paros Sniff Your iPhone's Network Traffic by Jerod Santofrom to give you some introduction to it.

There was a comment on the Paros page providing information to a very current “fork” of Paros: ZAP

(Note: Not to be confused with the Zscaler ZAP service)

OWASP Zed Attack Proxy Project - OWASP - OWASP.org

There are tons of information on that page on this tool:

• Screenshots
• wiki videos page
• project pamphlet - a very quick intro
• project presentation - longer presentation

And here are some quick links on ZAP usage:

• Owasp ZAP - InfoSec Institute post
• Debugging SSL on Both iOS Devices and Simulators with Man-in-the-middle Proxies - CodeProject
• Intercepting iPhone traffic with your MacBook - Shaun Zinck’s blog

Next up, we have Fiddler, a free web debugging proxy from Telerik

• Capturing HTTP traffic on an iPhone with Fiddler - Scott Wojan’s DotRant blog
• Configuring Fiddler to Capture Web Traffic from an iPhone/iPad Device - ESRI Support Services blog
• How To Sniff iPhone Network Traffic - Matt McClure’s blog

Finally, if you are hard-core, just go use Wireshark.

• iPhone Meets Wireshark – Capture Wireless Network Traffic from Mobile Devices - EtherLook

Part III - Resources, References, & Pineapples

Here are some additional links related to all of the above discussions including the Dualcomm products, SPAN/TAP considerations, and the next network device I’m interested in picking up to play with; the Wi-Fi Pineapple.

SPAN Out of the Box (PDF Link) - John He’s Dualcomm Technology PowerPoint presentation at SharkFest 2010. Goes into details about SPAN/TAP considerations and specifics on what DualComm feels makes their product super special. SPAN out of the Box (Blip video)

B-7 (Battaglia) TAPS Demystified (PPT Link) - Samuel Battaglia’s Network Critical PowerPoint presentation at SharkFest 2010.

SPAN Port vs TAP (Video) - Betty DuBois- SharkFest 2009 presentation. PowerPoint presentation here (ZIP).

SPAN Port or TAP? CSO Beware - LoveMyTool blog - Tim O’Neill

Network Monitoring Madness: Poor Man’s Resource Linkfest - GSD blog post from 2010.

Let’s Get For/Sec-Motivated! - GSD blog post from 2011.

The beginners guide to breaking website security with nothing more than a Pineapple - Troy Hunt’s blog.

Your Mac, iPhone or iPad may have left the Apple store with a serious security risk - Troy Hunt’s blog.

Pineapple Surprise! Mixing trusting devices with sneaky Wi-Fi at #wdc13 - Troy Hunt’s blog.

Netgear DS104 4-Port 10/100 Dual Speed Hub with Uplink Button (Amazon link) - recommended to look into as well by TinyApps bloggist who reports he had good experience with it.

CaptureSetup/Ethernet - The Wireshark Wiki

CaptureSetup/WLAN - The Wireshark Wiki

Cheers!

--Claus Valca

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Admin-Related Links - GSD Linkpost

…and here are some fun links for the SysAdmins in the crowd

Videos!

• Defrag Tools: #51 - Support Diagnostics - (video) - Defrag Tools @ Microsoft’s Channel 9
• Defrag Tools: #53 - Crashes, Hangs and Slow Performance - (video) - Defrag Tools @ Microsoft’s Channel 9
• Defrag Tools: #44 - WPT - DiskIO Analysis - (video) - Defrag Tools @ Microsoft’s Channel 9
• Defrag Tools: #43 - WPT - Wait Analysis - (video) - Defrag Tools @ Microsoft’s Channel 9
• Defrag Tools: #41 - WPT - Command Line - (video) - Defrag Tools @ Microsoft’s Channel 9
• Defrag Tools: #39 - Windows Performance Toolkit - (video) - Defrag Tools @ Microsoft’s Channel 9

The awesomely helpful 4sysops site has some good info posts:

• What is the System Reserved Partition? - 4sysops
• Windows 8 Secure Boot - 4sysops
• Five free admin tools from Netwrix - 4sysops
• Move VirtualBox folder with virtual machines to a new location - 4sysops

How to enable Group Policy Preferences Logging via the Local Group Policy Editor - Anything about IT blog

FIX: Adobe Flash not working on Windows 8/Internet Explorer 10 running on a Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Carbon Touch - Kurt Shintaku's Blog

For Office 365 folks:

• Office 365 Migration Considerations (Part 1) - WindowsNetworking.com post by Mitch Tulloch
• Office 365 Migration Considerations (Part 2) - WindowsNetworking.com post by Mitch Tulloch
• Office 365 Migration Considerations (Part 3) - WindowsNetworking.com post by Mitch Tulloch

Windows PE boot in BIOS or UEFI mode (Google Translated) - Borns IT and Windows Blog

Redefining what "Never doing that again" means... Troubleshooting with the Windows Sysinternals Tools, Second Edition - Aaron Margosis' Non-Admin, App-Compat and Sysinternals WebLog

Cheers.

--Claus Valca.

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Network News & Goodies - Labor Day Edition

Linkfest post on Labor Day. Lots of network goodies here for the GSD fans!

Presented in no particular order…just how they came of the bench tonight.

Viewpoints: OSI Model and APSTNDP - Microsoft’s MessageAnalyzer blog

Wireshark Tutorial Series #2. Tips and tricks used by insiders and veterans - Sniff free or die Wireshark blog

Tools - The Wireshark Wiki - great Super-List of tools and supporting material for Wireshark.

I’ve posted recently quite a gushing rant on TraceWrangler. It is a free (still-Alpha release) no-install tool to help with sanitizing and anonymizing packet trace files. Pretty wicked cool. Jasper Bongertz posted an intro here and touched on some of the issues current tools of this kind have.

I mention it because the Wireshark Wiki Tools page does contain a list of capture file anonymization tools and (sadly) TraceWrangler isn’t on it yet. Somebody with a connection needs to send the Wiki editors some memos…just saying.

TraceWrangler (change log) - now at version Alpha 0.1.3 build 308.

Microsoft Security Advisory (2861855): Updates to Improve Remote Desktop Protocol Network-level Authentication - Microsoft Security TechCenter

Sequence Match View: Identifying Interesting Network Patterns - Microsoft’s MessageAnalyzer blog

How Secure Is Your Smartphone - Check the Packets (by Tony Fortunato) - LoveMyTool blog

The Do's and Do NOT's of using SPAN Ports (by Darragh Delaney) - LoveMyTool blog

NetFort SPAN Port Configurator - freeware - GUI Utility to set Span Ports on Cisco switches…because as you know, using the free Cisco Network Assistant to do so is such a pain.

ZMAP 1.02 released - SANS ISC Diary

ZMap · The Internet Scanner. From the home page:

“ZMap is an open-source network scanner that enables researchers to easily perform Internet-wide network studies. With a single machine and a well provisioned network uplink, ZMap is capable of performing a complete scan of the IPv4 address space in under 45 minutes, approaching the theoretical limit of gigabit Ethernet.

“While ZMap is a powerful tool for researchers, please keep in mind that by running ZMap, you are potentially scanning the ENTIRE IPv4 address space and some users may not appreciate your scanning. We encourage ZMap users to respect requests to stop scanning and to exclude these networks from ongoing scanning.”

“We suggest that users coordinate with local network administrators before performing any scans and we have developed a set of scanning best practices, which we encourage researchers to consider. It should go without saying that researchers should refrain from exploiting vulnerabilities or accessing protected resources, and should comply with any special legal requirements in their jurisdictions.”

While you may not break the Internet as handily as Jen does, you might do bad things to your own. Be sure you are well familiar with the tool before experimenting!

INMAP 6.40 Released - SANS ISC Diary

Nmap Change Log - nmap.org

Download the Free Nmap Security Scanner for Linux/MAC/UNIX or Windows - nmap.org

SoftPerfect WiFi Guard - version release to 1.0.3 (Change log)

NetworkTrafficView - NirSoft - version release to 1.76:

• Added 'Maximum Packet Size' column. For TCP connections that transfers significant amount of data, the value under this column represents the actual MTU.

Wireless Network Watcher - NirSoft - version release to 1.67

• Updated the internal MAC addresses database.

KiTTY - update to current version release of 0.63.0.2

60 Seconds on the Wire: A Look at Malicious Traffic (direct PDF Link) - SANS Reading Room whitepaper by Kiel Wadner - August 22, 2013.

Custom Full Packet Capture System - (direct PDF Link) - SANS Reading Room whitepaper by Derek Banks - April 16, 2013.

Updated from another recent GSD post because they seemed apropos here in this as well:

Psst. Your Browser Knows All Your Secrets. - SANS ISC Diary guest post by Sally Vandeven on pulling the crypto keys in a browser.

Cookie Cadger to Identify Cookie Leakage from Applications over An Insecure HTTP Request - Next of Windows

Cookie Cadger - project homepage. From the link:

“Cookie Cadger helps identify information leakage from applications that utilize insecure HTTP GET requests.

“Web providers have started stepping up to the plate since Firesheep was released in 2010. Today, most major websites can provide SSL/TLS during all transactions, preventing cookie data from leaking over wired Ethernet or insecure Wi-Fi. But the fact remains that Firesheep was more of a toy than a tool. Cookie Cadger is the first open-source pen-testing tool ever made for intercepting and replaying specific insecure HTTP GET requests into a browser.

“Cookie Cadger is a graphical utility which harnesses the power of the Wireshark suite and Java to provide a fully cross-platform, entirely open-source utility which can monitor wired Ethernet, insecure Wi-Fi, or load a packet capture file for offline analysis.”

Cheers.

--Claus Valca

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Some Notes for a Certain Project

Just some scratch notes for a special project I am working on.

Nothing of interest for most other folks.

Remote Desktop and Automatic Login - Microsoft Visual Studio Forum

try using this
   mstsc /admin /v:ComputerName

or these
   mstsc /console /v:ComputerName

Be sure to “Log Off” rather than click the “X” to leave the session running if you aren’t coming back. Kinda like your mom telling you to shut the door behind you on the way out of the house when you were a kid. Heard it all the time…

Generally it seems you cannot use Microsoft’s Remote Desktop Connection service to establish an interactive remote control session with the logged in/active user’s desktop (session 0 ?)  unless you do it with the appropriate above arguments. However doing so may make a mess of things depending on how you exit…at least this appears to be my current understanding.

• Use command line parameters with Remote Desktop Connection - Microsoft Windows.
• Access Remote Desktop Via Commandline - TechNet Articles - TechNet Wiki
• Mstsc - Microsoft TechNet - Windows Server
• MSTSC - RDP / Terminal Server Connection - SS64.com

Just because you can doesn’t mean you should, and if you don’t log off properly…like I said you can make a mess for others coming behind you. If you find just such a mess, these tips might help clean things up.

• How to Remotely Terminate and Disconnect Remote Desktop (Terminal Services) Connections or Sessions -My Digital Life
• How to logoff remote desktop sessions via command line tools? - ..:::: Anand ::::..
• Kill a remote user session remotely - Kode’s thoughts

In the end, RDC/RDP might be great or it might be messy.

If you are fortunate to be able to run UltraVNC services on some of your systems, you have some more options…especially if you are making a “headless” server box on a desktop OS platform. I’m personally more of a TightVNC guy myself but hey, close enough.

One of the problems might be that you want it to be a secure (AD/Domain) authenticated connection, but you don’t want someone to have to click “Allow/Disallow” on the headless system to approve that connection.

Fortunately there are options!

• Can you disable the "Accept - Reject" window? - UltraVNC Forum - Yes, yes you can..
• Install - UltraVNC
• UltraVnc Configuration - UltraVNC
• First Server Run - UltraVNC
• Rolling out UltraVNC - pre configure VNC Password - UltraVNC Forum
• ultravnc.ini - UltraVNC

And then…

• Deploying UltraVNC within an Active Directory environment using Group Policy - Virtually Impossible
• How do I setup MS Logon I or II? - UltraVNC Forum

User Redge wrote:

configure and set MS Logon I or II required only at VNC server.
a) following the doc...
http://www.uvnc.com/features/authentication.html
b) no if the UltraVNC setup was followed and exactly.
http://www.uvnc.com/install/installation.html
c) MS Logon I = Require MS Logon
http://www.uvnc.com/features/authentica ... l#mslogon1
d) MS Logon II = New MS Logon
http://www.uvnc.com/features/authentica ... l#mslogon2
Should set and required only at vnc server.
Important:
do not set vnc server as New MS Logon II on XP Home, won't work at all.

MSLogon can work, require turn OFF simple file sharing
windows XP

Open an Explorer window>Tools>Folder Options>View>The bottom check box

Headless systems are a pain…even if a modern BIOS can support booting without keyboard/mouse attached, and even if you can admin-pw lock the BIOS settings to prevent the USB ports from being active and used. Your system still may not boot if the NTLDR doesn’t see a proper video driver.

Headless System (Windows Embedded Standard 2009)  - Microsoft Developer Network post

• Creating headless systems - Windows Embedded Blog

In Windows Embedded Standard 2009 the support for headless devices starts with the availability of null-drivers for the standard MMI devices. Of course, the BIOS needs to support this kind of configuration, as well, but this should not be a problem on recent systems. The generic keyboard and mouse drivers in Standard are still present as well, when no hardware is connected, but the null driver for the VGA adapter needs to be added to the configuration. This requires the following components:

VGA Save could be left out, if there really is no VGA compatible chip on the board. This will create a dependency error, which in this case can be disregarded. Nevertheless, the benefit of having VGA Save in the image is that any time a graphics adapter card is plugged into the system VGA Save gets loaded instead of the Headless VGA driver. This enables screen output e.g. for field personnel troubleshooting the device. The VGA Boot Driver is required by NTLDR at boot time.

• Making the Server Appliance Headless - Microsoft Developer Network post
• Headless VGA Driver - Microsoft Developer Network post
• Headless Device Video Driver Processing - Microsoft Developer Network post
• Adding Support for a Headless System to your Configuration ... - Microsoft Developer Network post
• Headless VGA driver - Setting display resolution - Windows XP ... - RealGeek

One last element,

The BIOS should be configured to “re-spawn” like a good digital soldier in the event that the power is lost (even a UPS dies if power is off too long) or if someone hits the Power-off button perchance.

Likewise, if the Windows system is NOT on an AD Domain, and logging into a local workstation/workgroup account profile, then you lock it down pretty well (to the bare minimums to function, and enable the auto-login to the set profile: Tip: Auto-Login Your Windows 7 User Account | Cool Stuff | Channel 9. Pretty easy stuff for the auto-login.

The challenge comes up if you want to add it to the AD Domain and use a domain-based account for security/auditing purposes.

There are a number of ways to do this, each with their nuances. Some work better than others. Some are more secure than others. Consider the risk carefully before choosing grasshopper!

[SOLVED] Windows 7 - Auto Logon With Domain Computer - Mockbox.net post.  Easy enough with this registry-based solution BUT the user account and password are stored in the registry in clear-text.  You can roll your own .REG files for deployment with this method. However this could be a big security risk!

WindowsAutoLogin - freeware - IntelliAdmin. One nice feature of this application is that you can also control the number of times it allows an auto-login to occur and then after that “X” number of logins specified, it becomes disabled. That could be handy for some unattended (but brief) service events that require multiple reboots.

Autologon - Microsoft Sysinternals - Much better and easy enough to use. Per this post Safely setting autologon for Windows from the “Confessions of a Microsoft Consultant” TechNet Blog, we learn that AutoLogin saves the account/password string in the registry as a LSA secret.  That’s better than storing it in the Registry in plain-text, but it still is “easy enough” to penetrate and capture:

• LSASecretsDump - Dump LSA secrets from the Registry - NirSoft utility
• Use PowerShell to Decrypt LSA Secrets from the Registry - Hey, Scripting Guy! Blog - Why not since we are trying to learn PowerShell here too!
• Dump Windows password hashes efficiently - Part 1 - Bernardo Damele A.G. weblog
• Dump Windows password hashes efficiently - Part 2 - Bernardo Damele A.G. weblog
• Dump Windows password hashes efficiently - Part 3 - Bernardo Damele A.G. weblog - LSA Secrets info is here.
• Dump Windows password hashes efficiently - Part 4 - Bernardo Damele A.G. weblog
• Dump Windows password hashes efficiently - Part 5 - Bernardo Damele A.G. weblog
• Late night thoughts on security: LSA Secrets - ins3cure blog “Late night thoughts on security”
• LSA Secrets - WindowsNetworking.com
• Microsoft Windows Security Fundamentals: For Windows 2003 SP1 and R2 - Page 41 - Google Books Result

Autologon - commercial product from LogonExpert . I haven’t tried this product but it says it stores the logon information encrypted in AES 256, interacting directly with the WinLogon service to ensure nothing can grab the data. It has some really, really neat features.  The author has an overview of Free Solutions like what I have outlined above, as well as a Learn More about the product. There is an active download link from the page but I’m not sure if it is a limited-trial version or what. This may be a product that can provide both the “setup” features to enable AD-based auto-login and the security-needed for implementation. I’m really intrigued by this particular product.

Use this information wisely!

--Claus Valca

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Regarding the Modern.IE Tester VM’s

I’ve spend much of the weekend building and tweaking the various Internet Explorer | modern.IE Virtual Machine builds. I went with the VMware Player versions as I tend to use that platform for Windows systems while using VirtualBox for Linux machines.

Anyway, this wasn’t for kicks and grins. Rather I needed to do some platform testing of different remote-control access and these seemed perfect, after some modifications.

Again, carefully read Rey Bango’s blog post and the comments to get a good sense of these systems; Making Internet Explorer Testing Easier with new IE VMs

Time Limits on the VMs

All of the VMs have a time limit 90 days of total time from the moment you first use the VM. Basically it’s 30 days usage with two 30-day rearms. To rearm, go into a command prompt with Administrator privileges and type in “slmgr –rearm”

At the end of the 90 days, you’ll be able to use the VM for an hour before it shuts down. At this point, you’ll need to decide if that’s okay or if you’d like to recreate the VM and use it for another 90 days. Remember, you can reuse the same files you originally downloaded to recreate the VM so don’t delete them (unless you just love downloading big files).

After I enabled Remote Desktop access to the first system (Windows 7 Enterprise) and then started trying to use mstsc.exe (Remote Desktop Connection), it would connect…then instantly through an error and disconnect. Remote Desktop Access is disabled on these VM’s by default. I assume you know how to enable them but if not…Enabling Remote Desktop Connections in Windows 7 | 7 Tutorials

Took me awhile to figure it out, but the system was also configured with the single profile account and to automatically log into the account. Once I connected to the account with remote desktop, it logged the running account off, then that caused it to force the relogin of the same account, knocking me off!

This then required me to disable the “auto-login” feature for the accounts. Again, I’m sure all my dear readers know how to do that but if not…Tip: Auto-Login Your Windows 7 User Account | Cool Stuff | Channel 9 except in this case after first running “control userpasswords2”, for step 4 you want to “Check the option “User must enter a user name and password to use this computer.”  Now you won’t get kicked off when you use Windows Remote Desktop Connection to reach it.

Of course, if you do that, you will now need to enter the default password for these systems.  You do know the default user account password for the VM’s right? No?

I found it clearly documented in this provided PDF: Modern.IE VM Notes - 6-24-2013. The PDF is interesting as the file name says 06-27-2013 but the internal document date is 06-24-2013. Oh well. Here is another earlier version as well: Modern.IE VM Notes. Rey Bango actually references the first one in his post if you can find it in the last sentence of the last paragraph of his “Installing the VMs” section.

What else…Oh…as I was setting these up in VMWare Player, for one of them I somehow configured it to use Home Groups. Oopsie.  It ended up creating a non-delete-able HomeGroup icon on my host desktop. Hmmm. Followed this tip from “reminore reminore” to get it cleared off: Unable to remove Homegroup Icon - Microsoft Community. There are a couple of techniques in the post but this did it simply for me.

This worked for me win 7 - 64 bit home premium
1) Drive to "Folder Options"
2) Click "View"
3) Scroll down to "Use Sharing Wizard (Recommended)" it must be checked
4) Un-Check  the Check -box
5) Click "Apply"......the Icon will be removed from your desktop
6) Re-Check the Check-box .....the icon will not be back

HomeGroup Desktop Icon - Add or Remove - Windows 7 Help Forums has some additional pre-packaged .REG file fixes if that is your thing, or the above doesn’t work.

One last tip. Once I finished tweaking the user-account/settings and adding some core files/portable apps to it in the profile folder, to make future rebuilding of these systems super-easy, I just ran the Easy Transfer Wizard on one of them to build an “myaccount.mig" file and off-loaded it back to my host system. Then after I set up the Win 7 system I could semi-clone that profile setup to the rest of them with much less setup time than the first one, and when I have to rebuild them after the 90-day period ends. How to Use Easy Transfer in Windows 7 - For Dummies

--Cheers.

Claus Valca.

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ForSec “Value Package” Linkfest - No coupons required!

One last Linkfest from a now exhausted GSD blogger this weekend.

Cleaning out the “to-be-blogged” hopper is always rewarding, but I tend to get very behind on the weekend chores. My saving grace this weekend has been frequent scattered showers and an equally tired Lavie who hasn’t been interested in going out for shopping, groceries, or dining out. The kitchen has been cleaned. The laundry has been done for the week.

Next stop, a few hours of rest, post-blogging, then a wind-down with Endeavour on PBS Masterpiece.

Too Funny Not To Miss

Bloody galah scammers still not getting the message - Troy Hunt’s blog. Security guru Troy Hunt has had his fair share of “this is (not) Microsoft cold calling you…your PC is infected…let me remote control it” scams and has picked them all apart to the bone.

This time he takes a new angle…in a way that only an Aussie could pull off!  This is a classic! Troy, please offer us some of those sound files or link to where we can get them!  I need to put together a Texan sound-effect package for similar fun with unwanted callers. Brilliant!

Microsoft Security News

Microsoft Releases New Mitigation Guidance for Active Directory - Microsoft Security Blog

Overview of Microsoft`s "Best Practices for Securing Active Directory" - SANS Computer Forensics and Incident Response blog’s Mike Pilkington does a great summary and takeaway of the new AD mitigation guidance.

Security Awareness Training: Your First Line of Defense (Part 4) - WindowSecurity.com’s Deb Shinder discusses evaluating training effectiveness short and long-term.

See also these previous series posts:

• Security Awareness Training: Your First Line of Defense (Part 1)
• Security Awareness Training: Your First Line of Defense (Part 2)
• Security Awareness Training: Your First Line of Defense (Part 3)

Network Security, News and Techniques

Wireshark 1.8.9 and 1.10.1 Security Update - ISC Diary

• Wireshark 1.10.1 - Release Notes
• Wireshark 1.8.9 - Release Notes
• Wireshark - Downloads

Next up are some great and detailed video presentations from Sharkfest 2013

• Sharkfest 2013 - Wireshark Network Forensics (by Laura Chappell)
• Sharkfest 2013 - Trace File Sanitization NG (by Jasper Bongertz)
• Sharkfest 2013 - Attack Trends and Techniques (by Steve Riley)
• Sharkfest 2013 - Capture Limit of a Laptop, When does it Drop Packets? (by Chris Greer)

Recent Forensically Focused Posts

• HowTos - Windows Incident Response blog
• HowTo: Malware Detection, pt I - Windows Incident Response blog
• HowTo: Data Exfiltration - Windows Incident Response blog
• HowTo: Add Intelligence to Analysis Processes - Windows Incident Response blog
• HowTo: Determine/Detect the use of Anti-Forensics Techniques - Windows Incident Response blog
• HowTo: Investigate an Online Banking Fraud Incident - Windows Incident Response blog
• Finding an Injected iframe - Journey Into Incident Response blog
• MS Excel and BIFF Metadata: Last Opened By - Digital Forensics Stream blog

Physical (In)Security?

Duplicate house keys online - Keys Duplicated - This is either freaking amazing or super-scary. I just can’t decide! According to their Security page, precautions are taken.

The Keys Duplicated Blog - A couple really cool and technical posts on the behind the scenes things that make their keys pretty good.

…as spotted on Lifehacker’s post: Shloosl Copies Your House Keys Using a Smartphone Photograph

When 'Smart Homes' Get Hacked: I Haunted A Complete Stranger's House Via The Internet - Forbes

ForSec LiveCD Distro News

• More on WinFE and Autopsy - Windows Forensic Environment blog
• DEFT Linux 8 stable with DART 2 is out! - DEFT Linux - Computer Forensics live cd
• Kali Linux Summer Update Release 1.0.4 - Kali Linux
• Pass the Hash toolkit, Winexe - Kali Linux
• Downloads - Kali Linux

AV/AM Bits

Microsoft Security Essentials quietly released version 4.3.216.0 engine update for their free antivirus scanning program. If you use MSSE, you should get it via the automatic updates…if you have them turned on…you do have them turned on right?

Download Microsoft Security Essentials - Microsoft Download Center - Like most things MSSE, trying to figure out just what got updated is next to impossible so let’s just say for now that this one must be better than the previous version and move on.

I’m still using MSSE around the Valca home on all our home systems. I also continue to recommend it to friends and family (generally everyone non-work-related) who I provide friendly IT support to. I find it is pretty non-threatening to the non-technical users I know and though it loves to alert on many of my security programs (potentially unwanted programs) since they can also be used for 3vil, it seems to do a more than adequate job security the systems.

For my Windows 8 systems, I’m instead relying on Bitdefender Antivirus Free. In some ways it’s a bit different model in that you need to sign up with an email address to set up your account. Then you can download the client to the system. What is nice is that if you manage multiple systems in your home, you can log into your account at their site and then get a console feedback on the status of those systems. That’s something that I do at work with another vendor’s enterprise AV client health/status management console. That’s super cool for a free product. I’m seriously leaning to expanding it’s coverage to my main Windows 7 laptop at home. Performance has been outstanding on my Windows 8 systems.

Kaspersky tops real world protection test - BetaNews - this post does point out that Bitdefender tied Kaspersky with a 99.9 % protection level in AV-Comparatives Independent Tests of Anti-Virus Software for July 2013. While Microsoft Security Essentials rated a 92.5 % protection level. There are some additional disclaimers so read the short BetaNews article carefully. Then head over to AV-Comparatives to dig deeper and see the full findings.

• AV-Comparatives Real-World Protection Test March-June 2013 - AV-Comparatives
• AV-Comparatives Real-World Protection Tests - AV-Comparatives

Finally, we wrap up this segment with this interesting discussion:

The evolution of Ronvix: Private TCP/IP stacks - Microsoft Malware Protection Center

It’s a bootkit infection that has its own private TCP/IP stack. By doing so it can be extra stealthy and bypass personal firewall hooks and can lurk unseen in standard tools and utilities (such as nbtstat). Doing so, depending on packet/network monitor off the infected machine may be ineffective. However, it still must talk ON the network, so an independent network monitoring and forensics analysis approach using a network monitoring appliance or span port capture may detect the traffic. This may be why comparing outside network traffic captures from a system on the network to network traffic captured on the system may be a useful exercise for incident response and monitoring purposes.

Legally Focused

I’ve been reading a wider range of subjects, and a small part of those touch on our legal system. Mainly they apply to digital law and crime but some are more general. I’m just tossing them out there for the interested or curious. Generally they tend to analysis of current events or provide a more detailed lawyer’s review than the talking/shouting legal heads we encounter on mass-media “news-like” entertainment outlets these days.

• CYB3RCRIM3 - Susan Brenner’s blog on cybercrime and cyberconflicts in technology and law.
• Popehat - group blog with a mostly legal focus (though topics can range far afield!)
• Le·gal In·sur·rec·tion - group blog with mostly legal and law-in-today’s-culture focus. Pretty vibrant opinions. Alignments may vary.
• Lowering the Bar - Sometimes lighthearted (though always serious at the core) look at some of the nonsense the legal system contains, or foists on others from time to time. Great site.
• Massad Ayoob - legal, cultural, and educational postings primarily dealing with legal private firearm ownership issues. Also analysis of public media trends and news stories.

Have a great week!

--Claus Valca

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